“同义异构”——让你的表达秒变高大上

这里所说的同义异构指的是用不同的词汇、短语、句型结构表达相同的概念，这可以使语言表达富于变化、生动活泼。

掌握同义异构的技巧，可以使表达彻底摆脱呆板重复、索然无味的困境。试想，若表达“好”这个概念，除了“good”还有哪些表达？

把可以表达相同意思的词汇、短语、句型结构归类学习，可达到事半功倍的效果。

1

一、评价事物

1.好的 good

优秀的 outstanding，perfect，brilliant，remarkable，distinguished，excellent

教育性的，启发性的 instructive，educational，enlightening

建设性的，有益的 constructive，helpful，valuable，useful

有意义的 meaningful

2.极好的，惊人的 great，surprising

难以置信的，惊人的，令人震惊的

fantastic，incredible，unusual，unbelievable，exceptional，extraordinary，marvelous，notable，noteworthy，striking，amazing，shocking，astonishing

3.坏的 bad

糟糕的 terrible

不理想的 undesirable

不令人满意的 unsatisfactory

4.无趣味的，无聊的 uninteresting

令人厌倦的 boring，dull，annoying

5.难于理解的 difficult to understand

抽象的，深奥的 abstract

复杂的 complicated，complex

费解的 mysterious，incomprehensible，unintelligible

混杂的，不清楚的，迷惑的 confused，bewildered，perplexed

6.好处 good side

好处，优点 advantage，merit，benefit

7.坏处 bad side

坏处，缺点 disadvantage，defect，drawback，deficiency

8.必要的 necessary

必要的，不可缺少的 indispensable，essential

9.很大 very big

巨大的 tremendous，immense，huge，gigantic，giant，enormous

10.很多 many

不计其数的

countless，endless，unlimited，innumerable，immeasurable，incalculable，numberless，numerous

11.增长 grow

提高 improve，increase，enhance，raise，

12.越来越（多）

1)more and more+n. → students in growing numbers

2)more and more +adj→ increasingly important

13.很难 difficult

有挑战性的 challenging

14.很重要 important

至关重要的 vital，significant

15.adj.=of+n.

important→ of great importance

different→ of great difference

beautiful→ of amazing beauty

wise → of outstanding wisdom

useful→ of great use

16.特殊的，特别的 special

具体的，明确的 concrete，specific，particular，definite

17.和……有关 be related to

与……相联系

be connected with，be linked to，be relevant to，have something to do with

18.注定 it is decided that...

注定 be doomed to，be destined to

19.乐趣 fun

娱乐，乐趣 entertainment，amusement

2

描述人物

20.朋友 friend

熟人 acquaintance

伙伴 associate，companion

密友，知己 intimate，confidant

21.勤奋的 hardworking

勤奋的，勤勉的 diligent，studious，industrious

22.坚决的 decided adj.

坚持不懈的 persistent，relentless

不屈服的 unyielding

坚持的 insistent

有决心的 determined，resolute，resolved

坚决的 firm

23.聪明的 clever

聪明的，有才智的 intelligent，bright，wise，brilliant

24.诚实的 honest

真诚的，诚实的，正直的 sincere，truthful，genuine，upright

25.美丽的 beautiful，pretty

迷人的，吸引人的 enchanting，charming，appealing，fascinating，attractive

26.累的 tired

精疲力尽的 exhausted，worn-out

27.开心的

happy→ joyful / delighted

28.不开心的 sad

沮丧的，失意的

frustrated，discouraged，depressed，downhearted，disheartened，low-spirited

29.担心的 be / feel worried

忧虑的，不安的 anous，uneasy，troubled，concerned，restless

30.失业的 out of work

失业的 unemployed，jobless

31.进步 progress

进步，成就，成绩 advancement，achievement，accomplishment，fulfilment

32.遇到（事）meet

碰到，遇到 come across，meet with，confront

33.we 后加同位语

we high school students

we teenagers

we Chinese

we Chinese young generation

3

描述各种行为

34.使用 use

make good use of

35.学习 learn

pick up (偶然或轻松学到)

master（掌握）

36.适应 be used to

适应 be adapted to，be accustomed to，be adjusted to

37.参加 join, enter

参与 participate in，attend，take part in，go in for

38.注意 pay attention to

集中精力于 focus on，center on，concentrate on

专心于 set one's mind on

39.考虑 think about sth / consider sth

take into account +sth

take into consideration +sth

40.做 do

开展，实施，做 practice，carry out，perform

利用好时间精力去做 make good use of your time and effort to do

完全有理由去做 have every reason to do

忍不住做 can't help doing

41.能够做 can do sth

be able to do sth

be capable of doing sth

42.完成 finish

实现，完成 achieve，accomplish，fulfill，complete

43.花时间做 spend time doing sth

抽出时间做 set aside time to do sth，put aside time to do sth，spare time to do sth

44.尽力做 try to，work hard

努力做，尽力做 attempt to，make efforts to，endeavor to，manage to do

45.决定做 decide to do

决心做 be determined to do，make up one's mind to do

46.想要做 want to

等不及，渴望

tend / intend to do sth

be long to dosth.

be thirsty for doing sth

look forward to doing sth

can't wait to do sth

desire to do

have the desire to do / for sth

47.喜欢做 like

love / enjoy / prefer...

be fond of + 物

be crazy about

I appreciate your sense of humour.

48.应该做 should do

had better do

be supposed to do

why not do

If I were you, I would do

It is beneficial / helpful / meaningful for you to do

Doing sth is another possible choice for you.

Close attention should be paid to ...

49.有机会做 have achance to / of

有机会的 stand a chance of，have an opportunity to

50.重视 value

珍爱，珍惜，重视 cherish，treasure，have a high opinion of

51.把……看作，当作 see... as

把……看作，当作 regard as，consider as，look on ...as，treat... as，view... as

52.解释 explain

解释 account for，illustrate，clarify

53.想 think

想出，想到

sb come up with，sth / it crosses one's mind，sth / it occurs to somebody

54.认为 think

guess

harbor the idea that...

take the attitude that...

hold the view that...

55.相信 believe

insist on sth 坚持（某种观点）

insist that... 坚持做某事

be sure that

56.需要 need

需要 call for，require，demand

57.知道 know

熟悉，知道 be acquainted with，be familiar with，be informed of

58.我们都知道 we all know

It is widely shared that...

It is universally acknowledged that...

59.意识到 realize

意识到 become / be aware of，become / be conscious of

4

各种逻辑关系词

60.not 替换为 by no means，at no time

61.所以so

as a result, therefore，consequently

62.因为 because of

因为 due to，owing to，thanks to

63.反复 againand again

重复地 repeatedly，over and over，time and time again

64.最后 finally，at last

迟早，最终 eventually，sooner or later，ultimately

65.在我看来 in my opinion

在我看来，就我而言

in my view，in my belief，as far as I can see，in my mind，as far as I am concerned

66.事实上 in fact

事实上 in reality，in effect，as a matter of fact，practically，virtually，actually

67.如果 if

只要 as long as...

写在最后：

期待同学们在下方留言“每日打卡”，让我看到你们的坚持！同学们需要哪些学习资料可以在下方留言告诉我哦~